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Types of Anxiety Disorder Medication

Medicines can be a useful instrument to manage anxiety symptoms. Psychiatrists are educated in the use and prescription of medications. They can prescribe the appropriate medication to minimize side effects.

Treatment for anxiety disorders is usually three-pronged: medication, psychotherapy and exercise. SSRIs are the first-choice medications to treat anxiety, but they may take a few weeks for them to take effect.

SSRIs

SSRIs are the drugs that are most commonly prescribed for anxiety disorders. The more recent SSRIs are less likely to trigger adverse effects than tricyclics older than tricyclics as well as monoamine oxide inhibitors (MAOIs) or tricyclic antidepressants. A variety of SSRIs have been approved by FDA to treat generalized anxiety disorder social phobia disorder. This includes fluoxetine (aka Prozac), paraxetine, (aka Paxil), and sertraline (aka Zoloft), as well as citalopram, (aka Celexa).

These drugs increase serotonin levels in the brain. They may aid in increasing norepinephrine levels and BDNF. They can be taken on their own or in conjunction with psychotherapy. SSRIs can have negative effects, such as nausea and digestive problems However, these tend to improve as the body gets used to the medication.

The precise mechanism behind how SSRIs work for anxiety is not understood fully. However, it is believed that they inhibit the reuptake of serotonin by the post-synaptic nerve and increase the concentration of serotonin within the synaptic gap. This increases the amount of signals that cross the synapse and in turn decreases anxiety symptoms.

In addition to reducing anxiety, SSRIs may reduce the frequency and intensity of panic attacks. They can also be used to treat depression as well as other mental illnesses that are frequently associated with anxiety disorders. They can be incorporated into psychotherapy or cognitive behavior therapy to improve their effectiveness.

In contrast to other classes of antidepressants, SSRIs don't appear to be addictive. Nevertheless, it is important to follow your doctor's instructions precisely. If you suddenly stop taking your medication, it may cause "discontinuation" syndrome and anxiety symptoms to come back.

If SSRIs are not suitable for your needs, your doctor may consider a different type of antidepressants, such as mirtazapine or nefazodone. These medications may also be effective, but they are more prone to the chance of causing adverse reactions than the newer SSRIs.

SSRIs can interact with certain foods, such as dairy products and red meat, eggs as well as some fruits and vegetables. If you are taking these medications it is a wise idea to avoid these foods. It is also recommended to stay clear of alcohol when taking SSRIs because it can cause some adverse effects.

Benzodiazepines

Benzodiazepines improve the calming effect of certain chemical substances within the nervous system and brain. They enhance the effects of a neurotransmitter known as gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) that inhibits the nerves' activity. These drugs can be effective in treating insomnia, anxiety and other psychological disorders. They can be addictive, and should only be used for short periods under medical supervision. Benzos are dangerous when taken for recreational purposes, or combined with alcohol and other substances.

Medications are often the first thing people seek out when they have an anxiety disorder however they're not the only treatment option. Psychotherapy, or talk therapy, has also been proven to help decrease the symptoms of anxiety disorder. There are a myriad of psychotherapies, but cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) is the most popular and effective. This kind of psychotherapy teaches you how to alter your behavior and thoughts to make you less anxious as much.

Alprazolam, chlordiazepoxide and diazepam Clorazepate, lorazepam, and quazepam are the most common benzodiazepines. They all share similar pharmacological properties, but each has its own unique side effect characteristic. For instance, clorazepate can be more effective in treating seizure disorders than other benzodiazepines. Likewise, lorazepam is better for anxiety disorders than quazepam.

Although benzodiazepines can be very efficient, they aren't recommended for long-term use as they can trigger physical dependence and tolerance. In addition, they may lead to withdrawal symptoms when you stop taking them suddenly for a short period of time, such as a pounding heart, sweating and shaking. The symptoms can be extremely uncomfortable and last for several weeks, but they can be minimized by slowly tapering off the medication.

Benzodiazepines can be extremely addictive and should be taken only for a brief period of duration. Most often, it is not more than four weeks. During this time, you will have to be vigilant about your heart rate and blood pressure to ensure you don't suffer a severe withdrawal reaction. Consult your physician if you are considering a drug called benzodiazepine.

Beta-blockers

Beta-blockers are a type of medication that is used to alleviate separation anxiety disorder in adults symptoms. These medications block adrenaline from binding to beta receptors in your nervous system, which prevents the hormone from triggering physical reactions such as heart palpitations and tremors. These medications are typically used to treat high blood pressure and other cardiovascular conditions however, they can also be prescribed meds for social anxiety disorder off-label use in cases of anxiety.

If you are stressed your body produces a chemical called adrenaline which signals your body to prepare for fight or flight. Adrenaline is a beta receptor that is found in the brain and heart, causing your heart to beat faster and triggering other physical reactions. Beta-blockers are an class of drugs that treat hypertension and other heart conditions, work by blocking the adrenaline binding which can help reduce the heart rate and blood pressure.

Unlike SSRIs and benzodiazepines that take a few weeks or months to make a noticeable difference in your symptoms, beta-blockers can be acted upon quickly. They are an excellent option for those who need immediate relief from anxiety-related symptoms. For instance, those who have to give an address to the public or travel in a plane. They are also an excellent choice for those who have both anxiety and an ongoing heart condition such as atherosclerosis or congestive cardiac failure.

While beta-blockers can be effective in decreasing physical symptoms of anxiety, they fail to address the underlying cause of the disorder. They are only prescribed in conjunction with an extensive treatment plan that incorporates lifestyle changes and counseling. However, they are an effective option for those who have tried other medications for anxiety but haven't found them to be effective or to cause unacceptable side effects.

Propranolol, atenolol, and other beta-blockers are available. Your doctor will determine which beta-blocker is best for you depending on your medical background and current health condition. These medications can trigger side effects such as low blood pressure or fatigue. It is crucial to discuss the options for treatment with your doctor.

MAOIs

Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) which were first developed in the 1950s as an antidepressant, have proven to be effective for certain depression and anxiety disorders. They are not as commonly employed as SSRIs and other antidepressants because of the strict dietary restrictions that are required and the potential for interactions with other drugs. Some MAOIs can be taken orally in tablet form, while others (such as Emsam) are available in the form of a transdermal patch that's applied to the skin every day.

MAOIs inhibit the action of MAO and increase the amount of serotonin and norepinephrine within the brain. These neurotransmitters play a part in sleep, mood, and appetite as in sexual function as well. MAOIs have an anti-social anxiety disorder treatment effect. They are more likely than TCAs or SSRIs to cause adverse effects and come with warnings regarding suicide.

In addition to the MAOIs listed below, your doctor might prescribe other medications or treatments that can help you manage your symptoms. A beta-blocker, such as propranolol, is often prescribed to reduce physical symptoms of anxiety. Your doctor may recommend a relaxation technique or other treatments at home to alleviate your symptoms.

Iproniazid was the first MAOI discovered in 1952 during research on tuberculosis. It was soon discovered to have mood-enhancing properties and is believed to be the first antidepressant medication. MAOIs should be used only when other antidepressants have failed because they can trigger serious side-effects that require immediate medical attention.

If you use an MAOI and consume foods that contain tyramine, a substance in a variety of cheeses, red meats, shellfish, fish, as well as some nutritional supplements, it can trigger an unintentional reaction that results in high blood pressure. This severe reaction can cause an intense headache, nausea, vomiting and a rapid heartbeat. MAOIs can also interact with other medications and cause serious side effects, such as suicidal thoughts, behaviors, and even suicidal thoughts.

Before prescribing MAOIs, your doctor will discuss with you the foods you need to avoid. They will advise you against eating foods that contain tyramine if you are you are taking the medication. The doctor will also provide an inventory of food that is safe to eat when taking MAOIs. This food guide will help you stay clear of MAOI-related side effects.